Since the creation of the Medicare and Medicaid programs in 1965, the public has provided tens of billions of dollars to fund graduate medical education (GME), the period of residency and fellowship that is provided to physicians after they receive a medical degree. Although the scale of government support for physician training far exceeds that for any other profession, there is a striking absence of transparency and accountability in the GME financing system for producing the types of physicians that the nation needs. The IOM formed an expert committee to conduct an independent review of the governance and financing of the GME system. The 21-member IOM committee concludes that there is an unquestionable imperative to assess and optimize the effectiveness of the public’s investment in GME. In its report, Graduate Medical Education That Meets the Nation’s Health Needs, the committee recommends significant changes to GME financing and governance to address current deficiencies and better shape the physician workforce for the future.
The IOM report provides an initial roadmap for reforming the Medicare GME payment system and building an infrastructure that can drive more strategic investment in the nation’s physician workforce. Kannada video songs free download.
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Farm Animal Welfare Council / Farm Animal Welfare Committee. Archived from on 2012-10-07. Federation of Veterinarians of Europe. World Organisation for Animal Health. ASPCA: Five Freedoms.
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). Retrieved 2 October 2015.
Brambell, Roger (1965), Report of the Technical Committee to Enquire Into the Welfare of Animals Kept Under Intensive Livestock Husbandry Systems, Cmd. (Great Britain. Parliament), H.M.
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Stationery Office, pp. 1–84. (PDF). Farm Animal Welfare Council. Archived from (PDF) on 2012-10-07.